Ans. Where there was once consensus on the “right” method of teach foreign languages, a number of teachers at present share the concept that a single right method does not prevail. It is specifically genuite that no relative study has compatibly proved the superiority of one method over another for all teachers, all learners and all settings.
Language teaching strategies in practice nowadays are the Grammar Translation Method, the Direct Method, the Audio- Lingual Method, the Silent Way, Suggestopedia, Community Language Learning, the Total Physical Response Method, and the Communicative Approach. How a method is proof in the classroom will rely greatly on the person’s teacher’s explanation of its idealisms. Several teachers choose to exercise one of the ways to the deduction of others. Other teachers choose to pick and prefer in a standardised means among the methodological ways that prevail, creating their individual authentic combination. A short listing of the significant aspects of the eight methods are as follows:
Grammar-Translation Method: The Grammar-Translation Method emphasises on improving learners’ prais of the target language’s literature and teaching the language. Learners are exhibited with target-language studying texts and reply to questions that follow. Other activities are translating literary texts from one language into the other, cramming grammar rules, and cramming native-language similar elements of target language vocabulary. Class work is greatly structured, with the teacher directing all activities.
Direct Method: The Direct Method permits learners to guess meaning directly through the language since no translation is permitted. Visual aids and pantomime are used to explain the meaning of vocabulary items and ideas. Learners speak to a great extent in the target language and interact as if in real circumstances. Reading and writing are taught from the beginning, though speaking and listening skills are focused. Grammar is taught inductively.
Audio-Lingual Method: The Audio-Lingual Method is centered on the behaviourist concept that language learning is acquiring of a set of right language natures. The student repeats forms until capable of producing them actively. Once a provided form – for instance, subject- verb-prepositional phrase is learned, the speaker can alternate words. to make novel sentences. The teacher instructs and controls learners’ norms, gives a model, and reinforces correct reactions.
The Silent Way: The theoretical foundation of Gattegno’s Silent Way is the concept that teaching must be dependent to learning and thereby learners must progress their individual internal complexity for correctness. All four skills reading, writing, speaking, and listening are taught from the starting. Learners mistakes are – expected as a normal part of learning: the teacher’s silence facilitates boost up self-reliance and leaner initiative. The teacher is active in establishing situations, while the learners do most of the conversations and communications.
Suggestopedia: Lozanov’s method intends to facilitate students deduct psychological obstructions to learning. The learning atmosphere is relaxed and subdued, with low lighting and soft music in the background. Learners select a name and character in the target language and culture, and think that individual. Dialogs are exhibited to the accompaniment of music. Learners merely relax and hear them being read and later sportively exercise, the language during an “activation” phase.
Community Language Learning: In Curren’s method, teachers regard learners as “whole persons,” with intellect, feelings, instincts, physical responses, and intend to learn. Teachers too identify that learning can be risky. By comprehending and accepting learners’ weakness, teachers support learners feel ensure and defeat their fears, and thus facilitate them harness positive power for learning. The syllabus used is learner-generated, in that learners select what they want to learn in the target language.
Total Physical Response Method: Asher’s approach starts by placing initial priority on listening comprehension, emulating the primary levels of mother tongue learning, and then moving to speaking, reading and writing. Learners prove their comprehension by executing orders given by the teacher, teachers give novel and mostly funny elements of the commands. Assignments are planned to be humorous and to permit learners to guess active learning rales Assignments finally involve games and skits.
The Communicative Approach: The Communicative Approach focuses on the necessity to teach communicative competence as contrast to linguistic competence; there by, functions are focused on over forms. Learners generally work with unique elements in small groups on communicative activities, while which they get practice in argumentative meaning.
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Prepared by:
Biplob Prodhan
Founder of EDNOUB.
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Bibliography: Text Books, Internet, Study Guide
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